Fight Finance

Question 41  DDM, income and capital returns

The following is the Dividend Discount Model (DDM) used to price stocks:

### P_0 = \frac{d_1}{r-g} ###

Assume that the assumptions of the DDM hold and that the time period is measured in years.

Which of the following is equal to the expected dividend in 3 years, ## d_3 ##?

(a) ## d_1(1+g)^3 ##

(b) ## P_3(r-g) ##

(c) ## d_2(1+g)^2 ##

(d) ## P_0(1+g)^3(r-g) ##

(e) ## P_0(1+g)^2(r-g) ##

Question 380  leverage, capital structure

The "interest expense" on a company's annual income statement is equal to the cash interest payments (but not principal payments) made to debt holders during the year. or ?

Question 479  perpetuity with growth, DDM, NPV

Discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation prices assets by finding the present value of the asset's future cash flows. The single cash flow, annuity, and perpetuity equations are very useful for this.

Which of the following equations is the 'perpetuity with growth' equation?

(a) ##V_0=\dfrac{C_t}{(1+r)^t} ##

(b) ##V_0=\dfrac{C_1}{r}.\left(1-\dfrac{1}{(1+r)^T} \right)= \sum\limits_{t=1}^T \left( \dfrac{C_t}{(1+r)^t} \right) ##

(c) ##V_0=\dfrac{C_1}{r-g}.\left(1-\left(\dfrac{1+g}{1+r}\right)^T \right)= \sum\limits_{t=1}^T \left( \dfrac{C_t.(1+g)^t}{(1+r)^t} \right) ##

(d) ##V_0=\dfrac{C_1}{r} = \sum\limits_{t=1}^\infty \left( \dfrac{C_t}{(1+r)^t} \right) ##

(e) ##V_0=\dfrac{C_1}{r-g} = \sum\limits_{t=1}^\infty \left( \dfrac{C_t.(1+g)^t}{(1+r)^t} \right) ##

Question 567  stock split, capital structure

A company conducts a 4 for 3 stock split. What is the percentage change in the stock price and the number of shares outstanding? The answers are given in the same order.

(a) -33.33%, 50%

(b) -25%, 33.33%

(c) -25%, 25%

(d) -20%, 25%

(e) 33.33%, -25%

Question 592  future, margin call

A trader buys one December futures contract on orange juice. Each contract is for the delivery of 10,000 pounds. The current futures price is $1.20 per pound. The initial margin is $5,000 per contract, and the maintenance margin is $4,000 per contract.

What is the smallest price change would that would lead to a margin call for the buyer?

(a) A price fall of $0.76 per pound.

(b) A price fall of $0.10 per pound.

(c) A price fall of $0.04 per pound.

(d) A price rise of $0.04 per pound.

(e) A price rise of $0.10 per pound.

Question 630  mispriced asset, NPV, DDM, market efficiency

A company advertises an investment costing $1,000 which they say is underpriced. They say that it has an expected total return of 15% pa, but a required return of only 10% pa. Of the 15% pa total expected return, the dividend yield is expected to always be 7% pa and rest is the capital yield.

Assuming that the company's statements are correct, what is the NPV of buying the investment if the 15% total return lasts for the next 100 years (t=0 to 100), then reverts to 10% after that time? Also, what is the NPV of the investment if the 15% return lasts forever?

In both cases, assume that the required return of 10% remains constant, the dividends can only be re-invested at 10% pa and all returns are given as effective annual rates.

The answer choices below are given in the same order (15% for 100 years, and 15% forever):

(a) 84,214.90,   Infinite

(b)  2,521.12,   3,000

(c)  2,100.93,   2,500

(d)  1,249.38,   1,333.33

(e)          0,               0

Question 652  future, continuously compounding rate

An equity index is currently at 5,200 points. The 6 month futures price is 5,300 points and the total required return is 6% pa with continuous compounding. Each index point is worth $25.

What is the implied dividend yield as a continuously compounded rate per annum?

(a) 5.7145% pa

(b) 4.0952% pa

(c) 3.8096% pa

(d) 2.1904% pa

(e) 1.9048% pa

Question 667  forward foreign exchange rate, foreign exchange rate, cross currency interest rate parity, no explanation

The Australian cash rate is expected to be 2% pa over the next one year, while the US cash rate is expected to be 0% pa, both given as nominal effective annual rates. The current exchange rate is 0.73 USD per AUD.

What is the implied 1 year USD per AUD forward foreign exchange rate?

(a) 0.7157 USD per AUD

(b) 0.73 USD per AUD

(c) 0.7446 USD per AUD

(d) 0.9804 USD per AUD

(e) 1.02 USD per AUD

Question 802  negative gearing, leverage, capital structure, no explanation

Which of the following statements about ‘negative gearing’ is NOT correct?

(a) Negative gearing provides benefits by increasing the investor’s personal pre-tax income in the current year.

(b) Negative gearing works best when the investor has a high personal income so they're in a high personal marginal income tax bracket.

(c) Negative gearing works best when the asset makes large capital gains but has low income (such as rent).

(d) The more leverage, the bigger the interest tax shield benefit of negative gearing.

(e) Real estate and shares can be negatively geared.

Question 851  labour force, no explanation

Below is a table showing some figures about the Australian labour force.

Australian Labour Force and Employment Data
April 2017 Seasonally Adjusted figures
Employed persons ('000)	12 061.9
Unemployed persons ('000)	751.4
Unemployment rate (%)	5.9
Participation rate (%)	64.8

 

Source: ABS 6202.0 Labour Force, Australia, Apr 2017

What do you estimate is the size of working age population in thousands (‘000)?

(a) 1,160

(b) 12,813

(c) 18,614

(d) 19,774

(e) 217,175